Mechanical Weathering Defined and Explained

Definition: weathering There are five major mechanisms of mechanical weathering: Abrasion is the grinding action of other rock particles due to gravity or the motion of water, ice or air.Crystallization of ice (frost shattering) or certain minerals such as salt (as in the formation of tafoni) can exert enough force to fracture rock.Thermal fracture is the result of rapid temperature change, as by fire, volcanic activity or day-night cycles (as in the formation of grus), all of which rely on the differences in thermal expansion among a mixture of minerals.Hydration shattering may strongly affect clay minerals, which swell with the addition of water and force openings apart. Exfoliation or pressure release jointing results from the stress changes as rock is uncovered after its formation in deep settings. mechanical weathering picture gallery Mechanical weathering is also called disintegration, disaggregation, and physical weathering. Much mechanical weathering overlaps with chemical weathering, and its not always useful to make a distinction. Also Known As: Physical weathering, disintegration, disaggregation

Myths of the American Dream Exposed in Arthur Millers...

Myths of the American Dream Exposed in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Willy Loman, the lead character of Miller’s play, Death of a Salesman, believes in the myths of the capitalistic society(DiYanni 412). This essay will examine the impact of the capitalistic myths on Willy Lowman. Willy believes in the myth that popularity and physical appearance are the keys that unlock the door to the â€Å"American Dream†. We are first introduced to the importance of popularity and physical appearance when Willy is speaking to his wife, Linda, about their son Biff. â€Å"Biff Loman is lost,† says Willy. â€Å"In the greatest country in the world, a young man with such personal attractiveness gets lost.† In this quote, not only is†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœWilly Loman is here!’ That’s all they have to know, and I go right through.† Willy believes in the myth of log cabin to president, which he transforms into a myth of philandering two-bit salesman to big business executive. As we can see from Willy’s actions, he doesn’t seem to rely on hard work very much. In actuality, it is the lack of hard work that attracted Willy to become a salesman in the first place. In a conversation with Howard, his boss, Willy speaks of an eighty-four year old man he’d met when he was young. â€Å"...he’d drummed merchandise in thirty-one states,† said Willy. â€Å"And... he’d go up to his room...put on his green velvet slippers...and pick up his phone and call the buyers, and without even leaving his room, at the age of eighty-four, he made his living. And when I saw that, I realized that selling was the greatest career a man could want.† Willy finds this man’s life so appealing, that he decides to follow in his footsteps, thinking that perhaps he could just as easily become as wealthy and as respected. Willy believes in the pot of gold at the end of the rainbow, realized in his mind by his brother Ben. In one of Willy’s flashbacks, Ben is telling Biff and Happy about his accomplishments. â€Å"Why boys,† said Ben, â€Å"when I was seventeen I walked into the jungle, and when I was twenty-one I walked out. And by God I was rich.† Willy responds to his brother’s comment by saying, â€Å"You see what I been talking about? TheShow MoreRelatedMarxism In Arthur Millers Death Of A Salesman1465 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman, Willy Lowman sought to attain the American Dream, but his distorted view of Marxist control ultimately provoked his physical, material, and mental destruction. Lowman, a middle-class salesman, husband, and father of two shared the ideology of many American’s, an ideology that hard work, dedication, and likeability was attainable regardless of social class, or life circumst ances. Yet, the multiple distortions Willy associated with this dream combined with

Characteristics of the Romantic Music Period free essay sample

It is arguable that some Romantic music made greater demands upon Its listeners than did music of previous historical periods. What were those demands? Why did these changes come about? And what strategies can you formulate for listening to this music today? In consideration of the musical changes present in the Romantic era, this essay will contend that these changes are very much related to the wider social and technological changes in society around that time.Thus, it is important to identify the broad time period encompassed by this era. The definition of Romanticism In The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians Is: A movement or, more commonly, period of cultural history. When understood as a period, Romanticism is usually identified with either the first half or the whole of the 19th century. The term is used with reference primarily to the arts, but it can also embrace philosophy, socio-political history and, more widely, the spirit of the era. [l] Consequently, this essay views that Romantic music encompasses the whole of the nineteenth century and will consider some of the key changes which occurred around that time period. It has been argued that these changes have resulted in music which makes greater demands upon its listeners and this essay will highlight these demands and how they were influenced by those social and technological changes of that time, concluding with strategies for listening to this music today.Some of the music which can be used to Illustrate these changes are specific works by Beethoven, a composer, who Is viewed as a major Influence on the music of the nineteenth century. This can be evidenced by the Grove article on Romanticism, which deems it to be widely accepted that Beethoven inaugurated a Romantic The demands of Romantic music are characterized by several key changes. These changes can be summarized as follows: an increased intensity, both technical and musical; a greater use of radical con trasts In the music and a significant increase In the length of musical compositions.The increased intensity of Romantic music can be demonstrated by an analysis of the Diploma syllabus of the ABRAM[iii]. This syllabus provides an authoritative assessment framework [iv] for technical and musical ability and one can see that the vast preponderance of its pieces fall into the Romantic category. Furthermore, as one regresses through the levels of syllabus, the repertoire becomes more demanding [v] and the volume of Romantic pieces Increases steadily.A major factor in this change is the related technological advancements of that time period which resulted in the upgrading of a number of musical instruments to more advanced forms. This can be illustrated with reference to the specific example of the piano, an instrument refined considerably during the Romantic period. Key diameters and tensions, an extended number of octaves, the double escapement action and the cast iron frame[vi] Thus, the instrument of the nineteenth entry is far superior to its eighteenth century counterpart.The resultant musical changes include a greater quantity of octaves available and a greater range of power and dynamics made available to the composer. This had the obvious corollary of composers producing pieces with greater use of radical dynamic contrasts. According to Winter[viii], Romantic compos ers used their new piano to great effect: The single most important development in the sound of the Romantic piano was doubtless the new emphasis on the sustaining (or damper) pedal. These key changes of distinctive contrasts and increased intensity were aided by the accompanying social change in music around the Romantic period, which can be characterized by the rise of the virtuoso. Franz List, the legendary pianist, dazzled audiences across Europe, garnering rave reviews wherever he traveled, considered by The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians to be the greatest piano virtuoso of his time The improved piano was critical to his displays of technical prowess. Without it he would not have been able to play pieces as demanding on the instrument.The hitherto unimagined difficulty [x] of his Vying-equates grander à ©tudes pour eel piano[xi], was considered o much by the composer, he revised the ?à ©tudes and later published his ?à ©tudes descaution transcendent[xii], the latter still ferociously difficult but surpassed in that respect by the former. Given that a key feature of Lists playing style and compositions was technical skill, one could argue L ist could not have been the performer, or composer, he was, in the preceding century.Nicola ¶ Paginating was another virtuoso of the highest caliber a violinist[xiii]. He, too, gave fantastic performances to rapturous crowds in numerous countries. Milliamp Oratory, editor of The Harmonic, remarked that: [H]is powers of execution are little less than marvelous, and such as we could only have believed on the evidence of our own senses; they imply a strong natural propensity for music, with an industry, a perseverance, a devotedness and also a skill in inventing means, without any parallel in the history of his instrument. [xiv] Paginating, similar to List, composed works for his instrument, which were considered some of the hardest in its repertoire[xv] pushing the boundaries of the Romantic Olin to previously unseen heights. An excellent way for a virtuoso to show off their talents is a concerto. The ancestor provided a perfect vehicle to showcase the new technically advanced instruments and the music that could be performed on them[xvi]. One characteristic of Romantic concertos is their length.Indeed, this increased length is another key Snazzy interpretations of Beethovens piano concertos[xvii] are significantly greater in length than his interpretations of Mozart concertos[xviii]. Further illustration of this is the opening movements of Beethovens piano concertos numbers 4 and 5, which both last longer than a number of Mozart concertos in their entirety and are longer, by far, than any of Mozart first movements. Similarly, other forms of musical composition demonstrated increasing length during the Romantic era.Beethovens Piano Sonata number 29 ,immoralities, being a case in point, according to Maroon[xix], the extremely long solo piece was most likely the longest ever written at that time. The Hammerless sonata is also perfect example of the other previously stated Romantic characteristics. The use of pianissimo and fortissimo a bar apart in the final section of the first movement is but one example of the radical contrasts present in the piece as a whole[xx]. Another Lamar of Romantic music is present in this piece: extreme technical difficulty Ands Shift declared Hammerless virtually unplayable [xix].This increase in length was also evident in the Romantic symphony. One striking example being Beethovens Symphony number three, Rejoice, first published in 1804 [xii], at the very dawn of musical Romanticism its opening movement dwarf[s] any comparable previous movement [xiii]. According to Bonds[xiv], Rejoice is the start, for Beethoven at least, of music displaying profound Romantic characteristics: Particularly from the Rejoice onwards, Beethoven was seen to have explored a rarity of ways in which instrumental music could evoke images and ideas transcending the world of sound. Overall, these properties of Romanticism were influenced by the social changes of the nineteenth century. These changes meant that composers of the Romantic era had greater freedom than ever before. Unlike their counterparts in previous historical periods, they no longer had to be almost entirely dependent on the church or the state or wealthy, upper-class patrons[xv] [xvi]. As highlighted previously, musicians could support themselves by giving public concerts, Paginating earned so such money in one year that he could have bought 300 kilos of gold. [xvii] [xviii] As we can see in this example from Grove, the orchestra of the Romantic age was distinctly different from its predeces sors in that it was not for the personal amusement of royalty or a symbol of status: During most of the 18th century orchestras had been an accompaniment to and an expression of aristocratic court culture; in the 19th century the orchestra became central institution of public musical life. [xix] Given the demands illustrated through these changes, several strategies are suggested. Cursor to this, it would be a required and fruitful use of ones time to learn to do so if the skill has not already been learnt. Learning to play a piece of music would be the ideal realization of this strategy. However, this is not always possible and would be impractical for a piece with a large number of parts a symphony, for example. Nevertheless, one can study and appreciate the technical or musical difficulty Involved in a piece without being able to master it. Once able, listening too piece of music whilst consulting the score is also a useful tool for following a piece and kicking out specific parts.This is especially true of any orchestral piece. Another related strategy would be to try and put oneself in the shoes of a listener of the Romantic era. Listening to recordings performed on period instruments would be an ideal method of doing this. Also, learning more about the people of the period and what it would have been like for a nineteenth century person to listen to a certain work for the first time would be a further way to pursue this strategy. To learn, and appreciate, any other art forms linked with a piece of music is another strategy for listening to Romantic music for example, Beethovens Symphony number 9.Beethoven based the final movement on the poem Ode to Joy by Frederica Schaller[xx] the movement is scored for orchestra, four vocal soloists and a choir who sing the words of the poem. The case can be made that, to fully appreciate this work, one must appreciate the poem on which it is based. Additionally, understanding of the language the words are in German would take this strategy even further. Separating a piece of music into parts is another strategy for listening to Romantic music. For example, a symphony or sonata can be listened to as individual movements, easier to absorb than, perhaps, thirty minutes or an hours worth of music. Exploring huge compositions or collections at one time is not the correct strategy, the sheer volume of notes can be daunting and there is a danger that listening to too much music dulls one to the finer points of that music, it simply becomes noise. The distinct movements many composers put in their music should be utilized when first discovering a work, only once more understanding is cultivated should one attempt to listen to an entire concerto, sonata or symphony.Conclusively, it has been shown that Romantic music made greater demands upon its listeners than did music of previous historical periods. These demands ere: increased technical and musical intensity; the use of bold, vivid contrasts and a considerably augmented duration of musical compositions. These changes came about due to technological advancements of the period, le ss reliance on patronage and the musician became a respected and viable profession in the nineteenth century. There are many strategies which can be devised for listening to Romantic music, in the present day.

Managerial Business Plan Of Crystal Pierson Essays -

Managerial Business Plan Of Crystal Pierson Topic Selection for a Managerial Business Plan Crystal Pierson MGT/583.1 Workshop I Eric Brown 16 February, 2000 In an era where everything, including the S&P index revolves around technology, manual or labor intensive operations cannot survive. Technological advancements range from nuclear science/medicine to new ways of preparing food. To see a manual typewriter in an office seems extremely antiquated and laborious. Technology today compared to a hundred years ago moves at lightening speed, especially the computer industry. With Bill Gates a household name, it seems foolish not to jump on the band wagon and take advantage of this technological craze. Sending faxes from a beach, talking to your Mother two thousand miles away on a telephone not bigger than a business card or when out and about your personal or business telephone forwards to your pager or cell phone, now that's advancement. Just as microwave ovens are items that every home and office must have, so are computers and computer training. With technology moving as swift, one can hardly keep up the latest software version or piece of hardware, for that matter. Training on and access to the software and equipment suddenly created a market. Companies such as Exec-U-Train offers training on the latest equipment and software available on the market today. They also offer help services via the telephone with technicians available to walk through most types of problems. The problem identified as not having enough companies to sufficiently keep companies and their employees and/or individuals alike up to date on the latest technology in desired areas. The objective shall be to develop a company that offers the opportunity to train on state-of-the-art equipment and/or receive one-on-one instruction if the need arises, at your office, in your home or on site in our office. The company plans to offer personal and customized plans to fit many budget ranges and within all age ranges Business

Revolution Of 1917 Essays - House Of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov

Revolution Of 1917 Towards the end of nineteenth century, and the beginning of the twentieth century, most of Europe was going through a great deal of changes, many new ideas were introduced, causing people to dream of a better life, and more economic stability. Nowhere was this factor as true as in Imperial Russia. The basic dilemma facing Alexander II, Alexander III, and Nicholas II was that it was impossible to ignore the demands either of external military security or of internal political stability and that these demands pulled hard in opposite directions. This helps to explain why the policies and governments of the last three Romanov monarchs often seemed crisis-ridded and at cross purposes. The statement mentioned above basically describes the nature of the events which had taken place during the sixty-two years that separated the succession of Alexander II in 1855, and the fall of the monarchy in 1917. Also when we go deeper into the above mentioned situation, we need to note that Nicholas II inherited his Empire at a time when there was much agitation going on among the world powers, partially due to the fact that there was an extremely harsh competition going on throughout the world for territory and political influence. After taking all that into consideration, we also have the fact that Nicholas II was very unprepared to rule his country at the time when he ascended the throne, for the most part because of the unexpected passing away of his father, Alexander III. Then there are constant financial difficulties that Russia faced, mainly, that there wasnt enough money for everyone. That caused the lives of the ordinary people to be generally classified as poverty stricken. Now to add to the above mentioned situation, factor in: the increasing number of educated people, the rapid industrialization of the country, the constant repression of the government, the Empires rapid population growth, the spread of nationalist ideas in a country whose population consists of many d ifferent ethnic regions, failure to act assertively on the part of the tsarism, and what we have is a country that is marching straight towards revolution. Yet as always, some factors played a much larger role in stimulating the growth, and then later triggering, the Revolution of 1917. From reading the two assigned texts I came to conclude that the key fundamental roles were: the Russian Worker, the governments inability to function as a unitary whole, and lastly World War I. One of the major forces that was responsible for laying the foundation to the Revolution of 1917, was the Russian worker. Russian workers were underpaid, their living conditions, their lifestyles, their demands, and their problems were for the most part overlooked. And the already unstable situation among the millions of unsatisfied workers was made far worse by the harsh conditions of exploitation most workers found in the factories. Throughout the period the situation remained almost unbearable for most workers. Wages were low, hours long, factories dangerous, living conditions squalid, discipline brutal Also there was little or no job security, employers had the power to hire and fire employees, without giving any explanation for their dismissal, and overall the whole system was designed in order to benefit the employer exclusively. This careless treatment on the part of the employers, was one of the major reasons for the unhappy situation that Russian workers had to endure. That caused them to get angry at the government, since it was the most visible target, and it was blamed for whatever problems one might have been faced with. Thats where the revolutionaries came into place and encouraged the worker to seek alternate means for the fulfillment of their needs. This point is confirmed by many analysts, and in particular made evident by the Bolsheviks, who claim that these hard-core workers were the backbone of urban political and social unrest. This not so large, yet quite turbulent sector of the population was often overlooked by Nicholas II, who was assured that the Russian peasants were the key to the survival of the monarchy. When indeed it was the peasant himself who was leaving his home in the village and becoming the urban worker. Another important element that played a crucial

Reflective Essay Composition Introvert or Extrovert

Reflective Essay Composition Introvert or Extrovert I think the idea of gender fluidity can be compared to the flowing nature of behaviour. Most people are said to be either an introvert or an extrovert. However, according to my life experience, I have come to the conclusion that people can be on a sliding scale of being introverted or extroverted. And even more confusing, I believe this scale can tip in one direction depending on circumstances and external environments. Born with a serious heart condition, I had to get two surgeries within the first year of my life. I was in the hospital for about six months, and was not touched as much as normal babies and not given as much attention. This left me depressed and despondent in my first year. It has also left a lifelong mark on my psyche. My mother told that after I came home from the hospital, I seemed angry at the world and not social. It is hard to imagine, but it seems infants can be depressed and have angst as well. At this time, I would say I was an introvert. After a while, though, my mother said that I gained a sense of happiness and was social. But even with a twin brother, I played a lot with myself: just me and my toys, and my brother would try to get me to play with him. So, my introverted nature continued, though I grew in my social skills gradually. Around 3 years old, our family moved to a new neighborhood. There I met a few friends who changed my behavior. I became good pals with two boys that I began to spend almost all my days with: playing games, competing in sports, watching movies, and everything else one can imagine boys doing together. Through this experience, I became more extroverted, talking more and actively seeking out social activity with my friends instead of wanting quiet time with my toys and my imagination. However, in the years to come, when my two best friends moved away to other neighborhoods, I went back to a more introverted nature. Coupled with the divorce of my parents at eight years of age, a new sense of depression set in. For three years, I became more inward and introspective. At 11 years old, though, my mother got married again. Eventually, our new family moved to another city. Thankfully, I made new friends there. In fact, I became buddies with all the children of two families on my new block. These budding friendships drew me out of my introverted nature once again, and became the fun, talkative, sporty, and entertaining self that I had been with my previous friends. Fast forward to the time I was 16 years old, and my grandfather died. Another big blow was when my father passed away when I was 18 years old. This threw me into another bout of depression. I turned to writing poetry and playing more music to deal with my sadness. I was not much interested in academics- mostly poetry and music. It took me awhile to feel normal again. But I started to meditate regularly, and my mood finally got regulated. During this period, I was definitely introverted. After a year or so of meditating daily, I became talkative again and yearned to meet with friends often. I even developed a knack for humor and loved making as many jokes as possible around my friends and family. This state lasted for around 6-7 years, before I got married. Marriage was not the reason I switched from being more extroverted to introverted. It had to do more with where I lived. I moved to Kyiv, Ukraine from Seattle, USA when I was 28 years old with my wife, who is Ukrainian. Not knowing the local language(s) (Russian and Ukrainian), I drew more inward. Not being able to communicate well with people and finding only a few people I could express myself with made me introverted again. I began to focus more on my writing and music, and concentrated on interacting with people through the internet. You can say it was almost a forced introversion. Though I have learned both Russian and Ukrainian to a decent enough level to have conversations, I still feel unable to communicate properly and freely. Adding to my introversion was the recent death of my grandmother, who had been the most positive and energetic person in my family. As you can see, I have swung between being an introvert and extrovert throughout my life. Sometimes I even believe I am both at the same time. But what I know for sure is that a person’s behaviour is never one or the other: it is on a sliding scale that is influenced by the people around you, your environment, and your psychological state.

Work-life Balance In the Global Human Resource Management Coursework

Work-life Balance In the Global Human Resource Management - Coursework Example Employees could be ‘forced’ by the organisations to make maximal or even stressful physical and mental contributions as part of their work schedule, thereby negatively impacting the work-life balance. In certain cases, employees themselves could also push themselves with personal motives and also due to unstable work environments, disregarding their health. In the recent times, the need to maintain apt work-life balance is being strongly focused by the organisations and the employees themselves. Understanding how apt balance could not only optimize the employees’ personal side but also their work productivity, organisations are actualizing various initiatives in the work environment. Although, this introduction of various measures is widespread, when it comes to certain organisations in the non-Western or developing countries, there is a varied perspective. Due to specific cultural, economic and social factors, these differences occur. Thus, the focus of this report will be on how the changing nature of the workplace is having an effect on work-life balance in a global context, critically discussing and comparing, with two case studies, the range of work-life balance initiatives being followed in Western and non-Western countries, finally ending with recommendations. Work-life balance is a concept which refers to how employees with the support of organisations can aptly balance or prioritize their work aspects like their professional career, ambitions, financial statuses, etc., with their lifestyle style aspects like their family, friends, health, leisure, etc. Clark (2000, p. 751) defines work-life balance as â€Å"satisfaction and good functioning at work and at home, with a minimum of role conflict.† Heathfield (2013) further expands on the above definition by stating, work-life balance has a concept â€Å"that supports the efforts of employees to split their time and energy between work and the other important aspects of their lives†, by

Report Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Report - Coursework Example Communication can only be successful and effective, it has to be two way. Therefore, this implies that a good manager should not only be a good orator but also a good listener. This means that it is not only the managers who would be the cause of communication breakdown in the organisation but the employees as well. Employees need to have the confidence to share any concerns they may have concerning the running of the organisation since in the end they also have some stake in the performance of the organisation. The aim of this report was to identify the possible causes of lack of communication in the organization, and from these propose possible recommendations that could ensure better management, and greater and better communication between managers and the staff. Fear makes the staff feel the urge to protect them. In such a case, they are likely not to be open to sharing any interests or thoughts pertaining to their work in the organisation. Consequently, this will result in subdued communication in the organisation. This makes it hard for the staff in the organisation to work towards attaining the goals and objectives of the organisation. Inevitably, the organisation will suffer and lose its competitive edge in the overly competitive market. According to the egalitarian theories of leadership, everyone at the place of work are equal and need to be treated like so. This will ensure that the employees feel free enough to easily share their views. In an instance where the members of the organisation lack any form of commitment to the achievement of the goals and objectives, they tend to slack. They will not have the drive to perform well or do their assigned work to the best of their abilities. The staff will barely focus on what it takes in order for the organisation to success. The result of this is normally lack of communication. According to Douglas McGregor’s Theory Y of management

Political Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 11

Political Science - Essay Example Frederick Douglass defined the celebration of the Fourth of July from the point of view of an African American in his 1852 speech at Rochester, New York. At that time, slavery of African Americans was at its peak and he was the first to address the feelings true of an American Slave toward the celebration of Fourth of July as he sees t as â€Å"mere bombast, fraud, deception, impiety, and hypocrisy [†¦covering] up crimes which would disgrace a nation of savages† (Douglass). The Declaration of Independence was not only about getting independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain but was also about freedom, equality, and liberty. The members of the Continental Congress firmly believed that â€Å"all men are created equal† and thus have certain â€Å"unalienable rights† including those of â€Å"life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness† (Digital History). They made it clear in the declaration that it is the responsibility of the government to secure these rights of every American citizen and should a government fail to do so, or becomes a threat itself, the people have the right to â€Å"alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government†(Digital History). These are the foundations that were laid by the forefathers of America and this is where the true meaning of Fourth of July lies. In a study conducted by the National Assessment of Educational Progress in 2011, it was found that only 25 per cent of fourth grade students were aware of the purpose of Declaration of Independence while 26 per cent of the total adults surveyed by a public opinion institute were not aware of the fact that America gained independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain (Shammas). It is clear from this survey that the true spirit of Fourth of July is dying. For me, Fourth of July is still about freedom, liberty, and pursuit of happiness not just for myself, but for all the Americans. Unfortunately, the speech made by Frederick Douglas is still true today as not all

Case Analysis Of Ethical Conduct

Case Analysis Of Ethical Conduct The nonprofit hospital has the duty to provide healthcare to its poor and indigent citizens. They charge these patients list prices for their healthcare services. This subgroup of the population functions without the security of healthcare benefits and is expected to pay the highest prices for their care. The hospitals that operate as their areas not for profit facility accepts tax dollars to support its operations and to provide charity care within the community. This seemingly contradictory situation becomes the ethical dilemma that faces this nation. Why are the not for profit hospitals permitted to charge the full price of healthcare services to the uninsured, and then pursue aggressive collection tactics to collect for the services? Part of the requirement of the not for profit hospitals is to provide substantial charity care to their needy population sector. The rewards for this charity care are the tax-exempt status the facility enjoys on its revenues and the ability to issue municipal bonds for capital improvements. The refusal to provide these services or to use abusive collection tactics may lead to the revocation of their tax-exempt status. Class action lawsuits have resulted in accusing nonprofit hospitals with excessively charging uninsured patients more than insured patients and utilizing questionable collection tactics. The recent result of the class action case against Resurrection Health Care Hospitals forced them to change their billing structure, reduce charges to all uninsured, and provide charitable financial assistance to patients to pay hospital charges (Clifford Law Offices, 2009). The potential 220,000 claimants will be able to have bills recalculated and receive refunds if over paid based on the new formula (Clifford Law Offices, 2009). The facility must discount hospital bills for the uninsured and provide the highest discount to those with limited funds. The assistance program limits the amount of the bill to no more than 10 percent of the patients income (Clifford Law Offices, 2009). The hospital is prohibited from placing a lean on the patients home to collect payments. These strategies give the unins ured a discount more in line with their ability to pay and are reflective of a charity care hospital. The Provena Covenant, a 270 bed hospital in Illinois, recently lost their tax exempt status when it was determined that their collection tactics were questionable (Richmond Smith, 2005). The Illinois Department of Revenue considered the facility as not charitable as a result of these practices (Richmond Smith, 2005). The Senate Finance Committee proposed legislation that would mandate nonprofit hospitals to specific levels of charity care in order to retain its tax exempt status (Schroeder, 2009). They would be required to conduct a periodic needs analysis, follow established processes for bill collections, and will not refuse care due to a patients indigent status (Schroeder, 2009). The goal of The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act is to eliminate the actions of the abusive tactics utilized by debt collectors and to protect the consumer. Several Congressional findings have provided the basis for this enactment. There is evidence that these practices are a contributing factor to personal bankruptcies, loss of jobs, marital problems, and privacy invasions (FTC, 2006). They determined that the existing laws do not adequately protect the consumer from the bill collectors abusive practices (FTC, 2006). The debt collection process can be effective without the adoption of abusive or humiliating tactics (FTC, 2006). Recent research has indicated that employees that exhibit Machiavellian characteristics tend to agree with these questionable situations (Richmond Smith, 2005). Employees that have adopted this Machiavellian personality are impersonal, rational, and strategy focused. The possibility of handling collection procedures unethically may result. The nonprofit hospital is at risk of loosing its tax exempt status from the unethical decision making processes with employees that demonstrate these traits. They demonstrate that the low Mach may benefit the billing collection process. The low Mach is subject to social influence, focuses on the person, and accepts and follows direction (Richmond Smith, 2005). The ability of employees to show empathy with the patients would support an ethical work environment. The assignment of the appropriate discount for healthcare services for the poor or indigent patient results in the alignment of their ability to pay their bills. The adoption of higher discounts and financial assistance for the low income patient is the ethically responsible strategy for nonprofit hospitals. The strategies to create ethical behavior should include: a code of ethics, compliance program, customer complaint line, and employee training programs. The creation of an ethical work environment will promote the actions of employees to be more empathetic to their patients, thereby fulfilling the nonprofits mission of charity care. Case II: Westwood Imaging Centers The physician self referral (Stark Law) and the anti-kickback statutes are important provisions for managing potential fraud and abuse of physicians. The substantial financial incentives associated with diagnostic imaging have made them highly subject to abuse. The Westwood Imaging Centers has offered a flat rate per scan for referrals from physicians. The physician is then responsible for billing the Medicare, Medicaid, or the third party payer. Westwood has proposed to refer to the arrangement as a per use, nonrecurring lease agreement. This agreement is attempting to qualify for an exception that allows a physician to self refer if the both the equipment and procedure is conducted in the doctors office. This deal brings up the question about the legality of the self-referral to Westwood and its ethical implications. The Stark Law (I, II, and III) is the provision that governs the self-referral activities of physicians. It is illegal for a physician to refer a patient to a facility in which he or an immediate family member has a financial interest or compensation arrangement (Stark Law, 2010). The goal of the Stark legislation is to remove the potential conflict of interest from the healthcare decision process. There are exceptions to the Stark Law that many equipment leasing and management companies have targeted for business opportunities. The physician of a group practice may refer patients for imagining services (MRI, CT, or PET) that are located within their office. The most recent legislation requires the physician to further provide the patient with a written notice that these imaging services may be obtained elsewhere (Stark Law, 2010). This notice must include a list of other imaging facilities in the immediate area (Stark Law, 2010). The per-use lease arrangements that were permitted in Stark I II are now prohibited in the Stark III legislation (Stark Law, 2010). These prohibited lease agreements are considered per click or on demand leases because of the limited usage of the imaging equipment and their susceptibility to abuse. The final rule did not prohibit time-based leasing or block time leases. The cautionary note is that the leasing of very small blocks of time could cause the lease to be considered a per click arrangement and that is prohibitory. The block of time must be substantial enough to not face the risk of being considered per click usage, thereby not allowed by the Stark Law. The Westwood proposal would need to be changed from a per use agreement to a time based lease. The possible overutilization of diagnostic imaging has given rise to cleverly designed business models that cover illegal or fraudulent behavior. The anti kick back statutes prohibit the provider from receiving inducements for the referral of this reimbursable service. The lease agreement of the imaging services must not be written to appear as a kickback or highly discounted services to the physicians. The leased time must be specifically contracted and payable whether the slotted time is utilized or not. This shifts the risk of overutilization to the provider rather than the imaging service and would better control excessive referrals. The basis for the Stark Law is to prevent the conflict of interest business situations for providers, and the overutilization of these services of which the physician may have a financial interest. The possibility of a provider increasing their usage of imaging services because it will supplement their income becomes the ethical dilemma. This ownersh ip could influence the clinical decision process and increase their overall usage of more costly image testing. The overall increased utilization of imaging places a larger burden on this nations healthcare expenditure. The overutilization of imaging is supported by a recent study that estimated the number of MRIs doubled from 1995 to 2004, and the CT scanners increased more than 50 percent (MedPac, 2009). The volume of imaging services paid per Medicare beneficiary increased twice as fast as the total of all other physician services from 2000 to 2007 (MedPac, 2009). The Government Accountability Office (GAO) reported close to an eightfold variation on in-office imaging services nationwide (MedPac, 2009). The results of a recent MedPac (2009) study reveals that a physician that self refers imaging, results in significantly more total tests ordered than the non-self referring provider. He also has a higher spending per episode than the non-self referring provider. The evidence shows that the self referral of imaging has not only a financial benefit for the referring physician, but also has incr eased the overall healthcare spending. The providers should carefully review these findings when considering the proposal from Westwood. The ethical issues associated with the overutilization of image testing should be weighted against the future risk of decreased reimbursements from Medicare, Medicaid, or third party payers.

How Do We Evaluate Art? Essay -- essays research papers

How Do We Evaluate Art?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When we are trying to evaluate art, how do we know it is good or not? We usually fit our personal feelings to the good or bad decision. If the drawing is in my taste, I say it is good. If it is not my taste, I dislike it and give it a negative comment. Everyone's thinking is different. Thus we may receive hundred or thousand different kinds of opinion toward one event or object. It is important for us to know that every opinion is independent and is not absolute. After reading the article, I realized there is no absolute good or bad. Comment, literarily defined, is opinion given briefly in speech or writing about an event. It is a form of personal feedback. The feedback, however, can be based on a personal experience or knowledge.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Experience and knowledge can only increase in amount. Experience is personal and independent. Everyone has different experience, no matter what the experience is: learning experience, sexual experience, entertaining experience or love experience. Experience is based on a person's life. Does that mean an older human has greater personal experience? Theoretically, it is. We see that we usually find an adult's suggestion is much more ideal than a child's. When we are judging with our experience, we are actually doing comparison. We are asking ourselves several questions. Is it better than what I had seen before? Is it creative? Can it be better? Is it professional? H...

Macbeth Critical Approach Essay

The tragic story of Macbeth is a tale of a man, who spirals into a deep, dark, depressing life attempting to escape his unhappy, mundane, unsatisfied existence. All of this would not be possible without the assistance of three wicked witches. These witches serve as a catalyst for the evil brought out of Macbeth, which becomes amplified by his own heinous actions. While Macbeth is cold hearted and dark minded his intentions were not awakened till he encountered the witches who changed his coarse of history. †Stay, you imperfect speakers. Tell me more. By Sinel’s death I know I am Thane of Glamis but how of Cawdor?† After the witches tell him he is destined to be king, Macbeth becomes interested. He fell for evils trap and now hopelessly tumbles down the rabbit hole. Macbeth knows what he is destined to be but Duncan stands in his way. This leads Macbeth to the first step of his corruption, through his sinister thoughts he realizes he is descending into darkness. â€Å"Stars, hide your fires! Let not light see my black and deep desires† Fearing he will be discovered for his true self, he pleas to the stars so that they may dim their lights. This fear is what drives him further into madness and deeper into his own despair. Macbeth has destroyed everything that has mattered to him, his best friend, his king, his wife, and his relationship with his people. He has ruined so much that it becomes clear to him that he was much happier in his previous status. â€Å"For mine own good, all causes shall give way. I am in blood stepp’d in so far that, should I wade no more, returning were as the tedious as go o’er† By comparing his own actions to a river of blood he hints to the fact that once a man kills for his own single benefit, there is no going back. He has gone too far and would be nearly impossible to undo what has been done and seems too tough to live with.

War Poetry Analysis Essay examples

War Poetry Analysis Essay examples War Poetry Analysis Essay examples It pertains to the subject at hand because it is captures post traumatic stress disorder so well. While at war, the soldier becomes overwhelmed to the extent that everything reminds him of the image of the warfront. The narrator of this poem looks at trees and he sees barbed wire. He hears thunder and he thinks of "pounding mortar." He writes, "she is burned behind my eyes." He creates the image of a burning girl which we see through his eyes and then he uses the word "burned" to describe the irreversible effect it had on his mind. Owen’s poem Anthem For Doomed Youth describes a typical scene from one of the many battles which occurred during the First World War. The â€Å"monstrous anger of the guns† and the â€Å"rifles’ rapid rattle† can quickly establish an image in which we can envisage a lot of death and destruction. This type of description was extremely typical of much of the literature created during this period. The creators wished that those at home would have a better image of the true conditions of the war. Just as Owen also gives descriptions of the events during the dangerous setting, we also see it is not a very pleasant place. In The Last Laugh Owen also uses the intense and blunt sound of the â€Å"bullets† chirping. Owen uses an onomatopoeic word to allow us to believe that the bullets flew gracefully through the air similarly to a bird soaring through the breeze. These all add together to fill our mind with an empty field filled with machine gun fire. Thoug h there is more to the war than just this, as we can see in Owen’s Dulce Et Decorum Est â€Å"we cursed through sludge† and Sassoon’s Suicide In The Trenches â€Å"In winter trenches, cowed and glum†. These poems show those â€Å"smug-faced crowds† that the conditions are much more hideous and horrifying than they could even begin to imagine. â€Å"While you are knitting socks to send your son†, taken from Glory of Women, presents an interesting dichotomy of a warm and cosy lifestyle in comparison with the desolation and destruction which is created on the front lines of the war. Sassoon uses the soft alliterative sound of â€Å"s† to show the gentle and almost luxurious atmosphere of those who remained at home. The comparisons between the home front and the war front are major themes covered in many of the texts created while the war was on, as we can also see from poet Everard Owen who describes in Three Hills, â€Å"a hill in Engl and, Green fields and a school I know† which is compared with â€Å"a hill in Flanders, Heaped with a thousand slain†. Almost all of the poets who used

The Great Gatsby Essay Ben Ramey Essay Example

The Great Gatsby Essay Ben Ramey Essay Example The Great Gatsby Essay Ben Ramey Paper The Great Gatsby Essay Ben Ramey Paper Essay Topic: The Great Gatsby Gatsbys Contrast in Behavior: Before and After Encountering Daisy Famous writer Douglas H. Everett once said, There are some people who live in a dream world, and there are some who face reality; and then there are those who turn one into the other. This quote evidently connects to The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, as Jay Gatsby himself refuses to face the fact that Daisy, his past lover, may have moved on from their prior relationship. Instead, Gatsby devoted many years of his life trying to make his fantasy relationship with Daisy a reality. Gatsbys interest of winning back Daisy quickly evolved into an obsession, where he fantasized of rebuilding the love they once shared. This obsession explains the contrast Gatsbys behavior before and after he finally meets Daisy, where he was extremely anxious and insecure before reuniting with Daisy and then over determined and domineering afterwards. Gatsbys behavior prior to meeting Daisy displayed the severe extent to which he was anxious and insecure. First, Gatsby allows Nick to invite Daisy over for tea, ithout Daisy knowing that Gatsby will be attending as well. The fact that Gatsby allows Nick to set up the get-together with Daisy, which Gatsbys has spent many of his years preparing for, suggests that Gatsby feels as if he is not worthy enough to approach Daisy directly. Furthermore, Nick notes the decrepit condition of Gatsby merely hours before Daisys arrival that He was pale, and there were dark signs of sleeplessness beneath his eyes (Fitzgerald 84). This description helps to illustrate he distress and anxiety that Gatsby has experienced over the inevitable reunion with Daisy, which has caused him to lose sleep. In addition, minutes before Daisy arrives, Gatsbys insecurity and anxiety explode into a final cry of refusal as he exclaims Nobodys coming to tea. Its too late I cant wait all day (85). This denial to believe that Daisy would show up proposes that Gatsby feels as if his moment of reunifying with Daisy may never occur. Also, the lie that Gatsby, cant wait all day is clearly riven by anxiety and stress, as he has waited many years for this opportunity to. Gatsbys behavior after meeting Daisy shifts to display a more domineering, and over-determined attitude. For example, after Tom and Daisy leave Gatsbys house, he implies he wants Daisy to break things off with Tom, saying Its hard to make her understand(109). This reveals a more aggressive and dominant side of Gatsby, in that he expects her to quickly abandon her actual husband solely because he has made his own interest in her clear to her. Furthermore, upon Nick warning Gatsby not to ask too much of Daisy, Gatsby manically cries out, Im going to fix everything attitude Gatsby has to bring back the love they had, and his disregard for Daisys feelings as well. Gatsbys obsession of recreating the past he had with Daisy is evident in this quote, and this obsession fuels the behavioral shift which occurred after he reacquainted himself with Daisy. Love is a very powerful emotion that can overwhelm and take control of ones emotions and behaviors. For Gatsby, his love affair with Daisy altered the rest of life, as he obsessed for years over building a replica relationship of what they once had. Gatsbys shift from being anxious and insecure to domineering and overly determined is Justified by his desperation over winning back and and holding control over Daisy, who was the top priority in his life. Citation: Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby. First Scribner Paperback Fiction 1995 ed. New York: Simon Schuster Inc, 1953. Print.

Prison vs. Mental Institutions PowerPoint Presentation

Prison vs. Mental Institutions - PowerPoint Presentation Example ed however that these individuals, due to partial and uncooperative neighborhood, could barely find proper settlements so the authorities saw it fit to incarcerate them with the law offenders instead of placing them back in mental hospitals. The inappropriate coexistence of prison inmates, both state and federal, with the psychologically sick ones to add to their number hence aggravates the latter’s condition as revealed by case findings bearing statistical evidence. Joanne Mariner, the article’s author, is basically a lawyer and a human rights advocate whose main point of argument in this entry concentrates on expressing contempt against deliberate imprisonment of the mentally ill as well as her proposition of humane solutions which she necessitates for the legislators or justice officials to have reforms (Mariner) sought after. Inevitably, this presentation has meant to empathize with the situation of its subject all throughout and reflects on the author’s uplifting aim to grant it the highest, most favorable value possible it deserves. Since the mentally ill have long suffered from not only having inadequate treatment, resources and poor facilities but also at getting worse due to unethical approach by prison staff whose custody fails to respectfully and dutifully address the major issue with their irrational dependents, J. Mariner signifies the need to divert solutions to a more resourceful and less expensive non-rigid community-based mental health treatment programs. Knowing that it is essential to give due recognition to every human being’s rights and welfare, such programs would be inclined to seek genuine attention from voluntary individuals in the general public who’d be sold out to look after their unreasoning counterparts and so impart diligent involvement that is far from negligence, discrimination and abuse. The overall tone and methodology used by the author may be said to have withstood exaggerating demands or unnecessary elaborations.

How Teachers Can Identify Talented Students Term Paper

How Teachers Can Identify Talented Students - Term Paper Example It is imperative for teachers to first understand what giftedness or talent is, in order to determine whether a student is talented or not.   According to  Goodhew (2009), a person is said to be talented if he or she is unique in one or more aspects when compared to other individuals within the same age bracket. Talented students have specific learning attributes that enable them to attain excellent performance in comparison to those around them. Such talented learners often require distinctive education services or programs, which supersede those conventionally provided by regular education programs.   Without such perks, talented students may fail to develop their identity and ability to contribute optimally to society. Teachers should note that talented children that have high-performance capacity usually demonstrate potential ability or overachievement in one or more of several areas.   These areas include particular academic aptitude, general intellectual capacity, produ ctive or creative thinking, leadership capacity, and proficiency in visual or performing arts. For effective talent identification, teachers must work closely with parents, so as to take note of information and observations made both at home and at school. With the preceding giftedness attributes in mind, teachers must commit themselves to play the crucial role of scouting for student talent. This implies that instructors must remain alert to potential talent signs in four principal areas including, intellectual/academic, technical/vocational, social/interpersonal and artistic matters. Chuska (2005) is emphatic that this process of identifying talent must be started at an early age and progress, as the student continues to grow and develop. Such continuity would serve to facilitate better development and delineation of the students’ interests and strengths. Therefore, instructors should know that talent identification is not a one-time occurrence that enables them to declare children talented solely at a particular time.

The Development of Architecture through the Different cultures Essay

The Development of Architecture through the Different cultures - Essay Example Architecture is a visible indicator of the culture and beliefs of the people highlighting their qualities and abilities in life. Architectural designs serve the society and are responsible for improving the quality of life of the people and are therefore a manifestation of the wishes of the society to be civilized. It helps in identifying the different beliefs and forms of art of the people in a specific period since architecture communicates the different qualities and principles that the designers had in mind as they were making the buildings. Architectural designs last for many years and are therefore part of the past culture as identified by the constructs that can be viewed in the present. The designs are delivered mainly through buildings and the environment making it possible to create new innovations and ideas in the construction and building of a new environment. It is a continuous process and changes over time due to the different characteristics and features that are prese nt in a specific culture. Architects play around with space and aim to convert the space into a specific form given the equipment and level of advancement that is available. The Greeks has great buildings that were later adopted by the High Renaissance in Italy. This was mainly because of the humanist philosophy that had been adopted in the High Renaissance and was similar to the ancient civilization. It is therefore a roadmap to the different developments and milestones that have been witnessed in the world and in different cultures.

Customer Service Essay Example for Free

Customer Service Essay Handout In this Session, you have learned about: The principles, policies and procedures of your organisation How your organisation communicates its principles to employees Your organisation’s policies and codes of practice Consultations on changes to principles, policies and procedures Issues of public concern relating to your industry and organisation. Principles, policies and procedures Principles are the foundation of a system of beliefs within an organisation. Principles are the philosophy of the organisation, illustrating how the organisation ‘thinks’. A policy is a definite course of action adopted by an organisation, which guides employees and helps them put principles into practice. Customer service policies are similar in many organisations, but some may be tailored to fit your organisation’s specific principles. A procedure is a series of steps to be followed to correctly answer the telephone, deal with complaints, give refunds etc. Organisations tend to have their own specific procedures. Communicating principles to employees An organisation may communicate its principles to employees in the following ways: The recruitment process Reading material Group discussions Appraisals and feedback Improving team performance Principles may be worked into the recruitment process. Interviewees asked about the organisation’s principles. Organisation handbook and vision statement include principles. This may be the first thing new recruits learn about the organisation. Printing out principles and posting them in the office ensures they feature in every employee’s day. Principles could be printed on commonly used items. Hearing principles read out is more effective for some. Managers and team leaders remind employees of principles. Discussion of whether an employee adheres to principles may be part of a formal review. Company awards are used to publicise principles. Company away-days and team-building exercises are opportunities to remind employees of principles. Team-building tasks could be centred on principles. Policies and codes of practice A code of practice is a set of written rules or standards outlining the responsibilities of, or proper practices for, an employee or organisation. An industry-wide code of practice is often defined by a trade association or professional body. Policies tend to be written by an organisation and based on an industry-wide code of practice. Your organisation might make you aware of its policies or code of practice by: Publishing the code of practice/policies on their website or the intranet Emailing updates to the code of practice and policies to all employees Including the code of practice and policies in the organisation handbook Basing appraisals or feedback systems around policies / code of practice Indicating the trade association/professional body who wrote the code of practice. Consultations on change If you are consulted on changes, your opinion is considered by those making the decision. Ways to consult employees on changes to principles, policies and procedures include: Small group meetings (face-to-face or via a video conference) Questionnaire Discussion with line manager/team leader Intranet bulletins or a FAQ page Email Team bulletins Monthly newsletter Letter A trade union/employee representative or staff council. How you are consulted depends on the size and structure of your organisation, employee work practices and the information being communicated. If your organisation has 50+ employees, you have the right to request an Information and Consultation arrangement. Issues of public concern Issues of public concern relating to your industry or organisation could include: Product recall and customer safety – is your product/service safe and reliable? Confidentiality – do you store customer information securely? Accessibility – is it easy to contact your organisation/use your services? Quality – is product/service equal to competitors? Responsiveness – how quickly will you respond to a customer and resolve problems? Value customers – do you value your customers and treat them appropriately? Finances – are accounts transparent and investments ethical? Wider concerns – public health, economy, environment, exploitation of workers etc. Your organisation may deal with issues of public concern by: Establishing stringent testing and health and safety processes Ensuring varied and easily accessed means of communicating with the organisation Investing in public relations to communicate effectively with the public Establishing clear customer service policies, making them available to the public and ensuring that staff adhere to these policies Publishing the organisation’s accounts Publishing a code of practice relating to the organisation’s economic, ethical, environmental responsibilities etc.

Louis XIV :: essays research papers

Louis XIV Greed is defined in the dictionary as selfish and grasping desire for possession; especially of wealth. It is also described as a noun. This definition can be directly related and best describes Louis XIV, the king of France in the sixteen hundreds. The effects of greed destroying peoples lives can be seen in the beginning of Louis XIV’s reign, during his reign, and after his reign had ended Louis XIV inherited the throne in 1643 when he was only five (Cairns 103). From the moment he entered power and his reign began he had greedy intentions and enormous ideas of divine rule (Cairns 112). In 1661, Louis chief advisor Cardinal Jules Mazarin died and Louis then decided that he would be the only ruler of France (Spielvagel 1). Louis once expressed, â€Å"It is now time that I govern them myself. I request and order you to seal no orders except my command,†¦ I order you not to sign anything, not even a passport†¦ without my command; to render account to me personally each day and to favor no one† (Spielvagel 1). This quote reveals Louis’s desire to have power over everything and control everyone around him. Louis used the sun as his symbol of power. He often quoted, â€Å"I am the state† (Cairns 35). Exposed in this quote is Louis mindset that he had all power. Using the sun as his symbol of power enforced his belief that he was the center of a ll things. Author of â€Å"Court Described by Duc De Saint Simon,† Elena Steingrad, stated the following when referring to King Louis’s life, â€Å"†¦ he compelled his courtiers to live beyond their income, and gradually reduced then to depend on his bounty for the means of subsistence. This was a plague which became a scourge to the whole country†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (4). The quote shows Louis’ greedy intentions, which eventually led to widespread confusion and an economic drop to the country of France (Steingrad 4). Louis XIV in the beginning of his reign was starting to show signs of his enormous, greedy intentions and his belief in divine rule. It was the start of his reign that France began to slowly crumble. In the beginning of Louis XIV’s reign he made an enormous decision, which revealed his greed for his own personal needs. The Palace of Versailles that he had constructed in 1682 is an excellent symbol of Louis over usage of the country’s money on himself.

Kinship System in Foraging and Horticultural

I have chosen to write about the San Tribe because their ways are very intriguing to me. The San or also known as the â€Å"Bushman†, are located in the Kalahari Desert. These tribes have lived in this area for around four thousand years. They have a diet of primarily nuts, fruits, melons, and berries. Since their women gather about eighty per-cent of the food for their unit there is more of these fruits and other things than there is meat. Their men gather meat about once or twice a week and accountable for about twenty per-cent of the food which is meat of some kind. San is a group of people who know how to enjoy their lives since only gathering food two or three times a week they spend the rest of their time on leisure activities. These activities could include any of the following, visiting one another or just sleeping. (Lee, 1979) When you do not have to get more and more you can enjoy what you have and not have to over work yourself and it would have to b4e more comfortable for your body with less strain and worry. The San is a Ban society and their livelihood comes from foraging, which is hunting and gathering what they require to survive. These Nomadic tribes of kin people travel over the land year after year to prime locations for known where they gather food and water and not only do they survive they are a thriving community. They travel in small independent communities that break apart and then rejoin other members at different times. They tend to live in the most marginal environment in the world. Their community is a reciprocal unit in the fact that they have an exchange economical system. Among the kinship group, there is a form of giving of services and goods in a mutual agreed upon atmosphere. This is not only among the family unit but also by the completely camp residents and visitors alike share in the quantity of food available equally. The collectors distribute the food in either a raw or a prepared portion and then distributed around to each. You can find a constant flow of nut, berries roots as well as melons around the fireplaces of each resident all given to meet the standard of equality (1969a’p. 58). This foraging system is an immediate return system; they must consume to stop spoilage. Woodburn, 1988) It is also a way to prevent a large amount of produce from remaining in the event of there moving about, as they tend to move constantly. This foraging system works because even as they give without expectation of exchange or immediate return there is an unwritten rules that all has even in the event there is no kill by some of the parties on a certain day. There are some times when hunters can go weeks without a kill and they must rely on the hunters that h ave luck in those times. Even though San men are widely skilled at hunting there can be different level of success but this does not have a status level on it for anyone as far as being accepted. There is a great deal of modesty in the village as the hunters return to camp upon a successful hunt. The hunter coming into camp does not give off an atmosphere of bragging; in fact, it is to the contraire. There are unspoken rules followed by the hunter as well as the others. This keeps one from feeling inferior or superior to another bringing forth feelings of jealousy. This also brings a reinforcement of social ties and helps to be closer knitting together of family units. You could also feel safer in the event a family member is hurt or was to become ill and could not provide their part of the food for a while.. Well I am afraid in comparison to our society there is not a great deal to say is the same as foraging. We here are more likely to let those that will not work go hungry. Of course, we have the welfare system and food pantries that do make it easier for those who do not have to get food. However, we do not work on the general idea of every one being equal those that work harder have more. The more you apply your self the more you have. We also do have leaders that can make us do things whether we want to or not. The seat belt law is an example of this. As far as kinship in our family my children and grandchildren would be considered one that I personally would share anything I have with but not all in our family feels this way. We are in a dog eat dog society and I fear it has rubbed off on most everyone. I believe if you do not work for it, you do not get it and I have tried to teach my family these same rules to live by. However, we do tend to do for our own kin folk first in taking care of them. We look out for our immediate family in providing for them and making sure, they have what they need. I remember as a child we lived in the city and my mothers family (brothers, sisters and some of their children would come and stay with us and we would help them get a job and get started. Dad owned an apartment house so they could stay in one of our apartments and we would feed them until they could do for themselves. Rules followed now are less kinship in our society in this present time.

Rape of nanking outline

The Rape of Nanking was a mass murder and war rape the all occurred in the period of six weeks. The Japanese e saw themselves as the superior race compared to the Chinese. There were approve intimately 500,000 people living in Nan king when the Japanese attacked. Over 300,000 CIA villains were killed by the Japanese in brutal ways that even the Nazis living in Anion g at the time were horrified.The Japanese had a long standing contempt for the Chine SE as a people. Being an island nation in the shadow of the much larger China for so much of its history bred a healthy balance offer and nationalism. The Rape of Nanking occurred in just a few weeks late in 1937 to early 1938. When people are asked to describe the Nanking Massacre the most co moon response is â€Å"six weeks of hell. † The Japanese army began to zero in on Nanjing The the the official dates of the war were December 9 , 1937 and lasted tell January 17 1938.The Japanese believed they were superior to all races. Ther efore what atrocity they committed in Nanking were justified to them. The direct cause was the impanel Army took Nanking and wanted to â€Å"celebrate† by raping and murdering thus ands of civilians. During which an estimated 300,000 Chinese soldiers and civilians we re killed, and 20,000 women were raped. The Japanese had troops pushing down from the north while a troop was way ting for them down south. Inside Nanjing was about 70,000 troops and a quarter lion civilians.The troops would begin bringing their own trucks through the city an d not long after that the troops were seen loading people into the trucks by dozens. Nevertheless, most of the Japanese have remembered what happened to the Asian nations including to the people in Nanjing, and the Japanese has lived as a pep useful nation, from the reflection to the war. Being an island nation in the shadow of the much larger for so much of its history bred a healthy balance of fear and nationalism.

Applying Sentence Variety Strategies To Your Writing

Applying Sentence Variety Strategies To Your Writing Strategies Of Sentence Variety A professional writer or a student, who needs to complete an essay, is scared of repetitive and difficult to read sentences. Remember the times, when the sentences seemed to be smooth in the process but turned out completely choppy in the result? That is why it is so important to read every work carefully, making all the necessary changes before submitting it. When you proofread your work, you can apply one of the multiple strategies of sentence variety and make the text understandable and clear. Such strategies are crucial if you want to create your own writing style and to show your personality. In this article, you will get familiar with sentence variety strategies and will be able to improve your writing. Evaluate sentence variety When you are writing a college assignment, an article or any other paper you don’t pay much attention to sentence structure and style, because it is very distracting and may influence creativity. That is why it is better to implement the strategy of sentence variety on the editing stage. It should consider the beginnings of your sentences, their type and lengths. Take a separate piece of paper and make three columns: Opening words of every sentence; Quantity of words in every sentence. To save time, don’t count the words on your own. Just select the sentence and use a built-in MS Word feature, called the Word Count; Types of sentences you have used. For example, affirmative, interrogative, exclamatory, etc. These three columns will be very helpful in identifying various problems. For example, too long sentences, repetitive information, wrong sentence types and so on. Once this stage is completed, you can apply one of the strategies, which are stated below. Include long and short sentences to change the rhythm If you write several sentences or even a whole paragraph of the same length, it may seem quite difficult to read. You risk of making the text monotonous. That is why it is better to include long and short sentences to make the text lively and fresh. Example: Michael became a book club member to discuss classical literature. He thought he would read Crime and Punishment, War and Peace and other famous books. However, he was very disappointed to find out that no one else read the book and that club’s members were simply gossiping. He went home not being able to discuss the book he has read and was very sad for expecting so much from the meeting. Revised version: Michael became a book club member to discuss classical literature like Crime and Punishment, War and Peace and other famous books. He realized, however, that no one has read them. Michael discovered that other members haven’t read the chosen book and were simply gossiping, that is why he decided to go home not being able to discuss the book he has read. It was pure disappointment. Sentence openings If many sentences start with a certain word, like The, This, I, It and so on, a common reader will find the work quite boring. You can prevent it simply by altering the beginning of your sentences. Example: Mark fell off his bike. Revised: After leaving his home, Mark fell off the bike. Clumsily, Mark fell off his bike. On the way to school, Mark fell off the bike. While heading to school, Mark fell off the bike. Types of sentences There are four main categories of sentences in English. They are based on dependent and independent clauses inside a certain sentence. Being able to distinguish different sentence types helps with adding complexity and variation to the assignment. Sentence types include: One independent and no dependent clause. For example, I like vanilla ice-cream; Several independent and no dependent clauses. For example, The dog barked and frightened the boy, and he ran away screaming; One independent and minimum one dependent clause. For example, Anna left when her husband arrived; Complex-compound. Several independent and minimum one dependent clause. She decided that the book was too scary but her daughter, who likes such stories, thought that her mother was wrong. Alter short sentences Although it is thought that short sentences are easier to understand, it is not always correct. If the text consists of many short and choppy sentences, the rhythm of the paper becomes unclear and the reading flow is greatly disturbed. If you want to fix the situation, follow these tips: Include conjunctions by joining your sentences with and, or, but, nor, yet, for, so. Example: Maria is a true adventurer. She goes hiking very often. Revised: Maria is a true adventurer and she often goes hiking. Connect two related sentences using the following connectors: unless, until, whether, whereas, since, that, even though, rather than, although, before, as, after, because. Example: Mark loves movies. He goes to the movie theater every Friday. Revised: Mark loves movies, that is why he goes to the movie theater every Friday. When you are working on a particular topic, it is quite easy to repeat sentences by accident. Such sentences, as well as many other typical mistakes, greatly contribute to monotonous works and lead to losing interest in the reading. To solve such a problem, use the following techniques: Using relative pronouns. Build one sentence inside another one, using which, that, who, whose, whoever. Example: Our lab work failed because of American citizens seem to face addiction problems Murphy’s Law. It states that if something might go wrong, it surely will. Revised: Our lab work failed because of Murphy’s Law that states if something might go wrong, it surely will. Include participles. Instead of using forms of the ‘to be’ verb, include present and past participles. Example: Anna was terrified to see the man lying on the pavement. She immediately called 911. Revised: Terrified to see the man lying on the pavement, Anna immediately called 911. Using prepositions. You can turn your sentence in a prepositional one, using such words as with, up, under, over, off, from, except, down, despite, after, behind, beneath, across, down, etc. Example: Jason used his father’s phone to call his girlfriend. This was surely against the rules. Revised: Against father’s rules, Jason used his phone to call his girlfriend. How to change sentences with similar rhythms and patterns Even an outstanding paper can seem quite boring if the sentences are of a similar pattern or rhythm. However, such a problem can be easily solved. Here are the best techniques: Using dependent markers. Don’t start every sentence with a subject. Instead, use phrases and clauses, like even if, because, before, whether, whenever, although, unless, in order to, until, after, though. Example: The room went completely silent when Anna, the Duchess, entered the room. Revised: When Anna, the Duchess, entered the room, it went completely silent. Using transitional verbs or phrases. To improve the sentence’s rhythm, you can use transitional verbs in the beginning. They include after all, accordingly, meanwhile, consequently, however, regardless, but, otherwise and many others. Example: Pharmaceutical producers are often focused on creating dependent drugs that have only a temporary effect on insomnia. American citizens seem to face addiction problems. Revised: producers are often focused on creating dependent drugs that have only a temporary effect on insomnia. Consequently, American citizens seem to face addiction problems.

Free Essays on I Believe

Should We Really Be At War? â€Å"I believe it is essential that when we see a threat, we deal with those threats before they become imminent. It’s too late if they become imminent. It’s too late in this kind of war, so that’s why I made the decision I made.† A statement that was made by President Bush on NBC’s Meet the Press. â€Å"†¦So that’s why I made the decision I made† President Bush said. In the Constitution the fore work for America, and not one person to go to war was clearly stated that Congress, not the President has the power to declare war on another country. President Bush clearly didn’t follow the guidelines, which had been set before him and should be punished in one way or another. The way our government is set up a President should have a good cause, have permission, and be given the permission to go to war before troops are deployed. In my opinion to go to war there must be with out the shadow of a doubt that this is in the best interest of the country. You can’t rely on so called sources and what they’re telling you, and not have any sort of hard facts to back up your claim. Evidence is easier for the public to believe than a person saying â€Å"I think that they are developing weapons†, and basing your entire reason for sending thousands of young men and women to die fighting a fight that shouldn’t be fought in the first place. Usually when America engages in an attack against another country there will be overwhelming evidence to support the need to go there and take part in the confrontation. For instance more recently, the situation in Yugoslavia with Slobodan Milosevic. President Clinton knew what was going on there, but had to wait to gather enough evidence and wait for Congress’ approval before sending bombers into the region. There are many other cases in which a Presi dent may have wanted to go into a country but they followed the proper protocol. President Bush on the other hand did... Free Essays on I Believe Free Essays on I Believe Should We Really Be At War? â€Å"I believe it is essential that when we see a threat, we deal with those threats before they become imminent. It’s too late if they become imminent. It’s too late in this kind of war, so that’s why I made the decision I made.† A statement that was made by President Bush on NBC’s Meet the Press. â€Å"†¦So that’s why I made the decision I made† President Bush said. In the Constitution the fore work for America, and not one person to go to war was clearly stated that Congress, not the President has the power to declare war on another country. President Bush clearly didn’t follow the guidelines, which had been set before him and should be punished in one way or another. The way our government is set up a President should have a good cause, have permission, and be given the permission to go to war before troops are deployed. In my opinion to go to war there must be with out the shadow of a doubt that this is in the best interest of the country. You can’t rely on so called sources and what they’re telling you, and not have any sort of hard facts to back up your claim. Evidence is easier for the public to believe than a person saying â€Å"I think that they are developing weapons†, and basing your entire reason for sending thousands of young men and women to die fighting a fight that shouldn’t be fought in the first place. Usually when America engages in an attack against another country there will be overwhelming evidence to support the need to go there and take part in the confrontation. For instance more recently, the situation in Yugoslavia with Slobodan Milosevic. President Clinton knew what was going on there, but had to wait to gather enough evidence and wait for Congress’ approval before sending bombers into the region. There are many other cases in which a Presi dent may have wanted to go into a country but they followed the proper protocol. President Bush on the other hand did...

Definition and How to Handle an Adjustment Letter

Definition and How to Handle an Adjustment Letter An adjustment letter or a claim adjustment letter is a written response from a representative of a business or agency to a customers claim letter. It explains how a problem with a product or service may (or may not) be resolved. How to Handle the Response If your business has received a claim letter from a customer, youll want to handle your response diplomatically and with the proper  you attitude  to quickly and effectively repair or prevent any damage to your reputation. Even if the complaint cant be resolved exactly as the customer wishes or you have to give bad news, you want to still take a positive, professional tone.   Andrea B. Geffner illustrates further: An  adjustment letter  should begin with a positive statement, expressing sympathy and understanding. Near the start, it should let the reader know what is being done, and this news, good or bad, should be followed by an explanation. The letter should end with another positive statement, reaffirming the companys good intentions and the value of its products, but  never  referring to the original problem.Whether or not your company is at fault, even the most belligerent claim should be answered politely. An adjustment letter should  not  be negative or suspicious; it must  never  accuse the customer or grant any adjustment grudgingly. Remember, your companys image and goodwill are at stake when you respond even to unjustified claims.​ (How to Write  Better  Business Letters, 4th ed. Barrons, 2007) Be careful to never promise something your company cant deliver (or a deadline you cant meet), or that will only compound the problem. Convey to your customer that you do have his or her interest in mind, and keep the door open to keep their business and for better success in the future. Even as times change, some things remain true. Good business advice hasnt changed in the last 100 years, as evident from advice given by O.C. Gallagher and L.B. Moulton in Practical Business English, from 1918:   Any showing of ill-feeling or anger in your adjustment letter will defeat its purpose. Indifference toward the customers complaint or delay in answering it is likewise fatal to further business relations. The you, not the I, attitude will put the offended customer in good humor, and open the way for a pleasant settlement of the complaint. An adjustment letter characterized by the  you attitude  becomes a sales letter. Dealing With Internet Complaints The same type of advice also applies to dealing with complaints or poor reviews levied against businesses on the internet or via social media. You still need to be diplomatic in your response. Speed in diffusing a complaint is of the essence- but not hastiness. Remember that anything you type in an electronic message or post can be copied and forwarded for the world to see, and its really difficult to completely delete something after posting it online or hitting send.Have someone proofread it and check for cultural sensitivity or other potential pitfalls before putting it out there.Cut to the chase- keep the public-facing text short and to the point.  Always have a cool head when responding to criticism online or else the problem can spiral. Any text online affects your brand and reputation. A successful resolution to a complaint or claim also has the ability to spread far and wide, though likely not as fast or widely as a poor review or complaint, unfortunately.   Sources Gerald J. Alred, Charles T. Brusaw, and Walter E. Oliu, The Business Writers Handbook, 10th ed. Macmillan, 2011. Philip C. Kolin, Successful Writing at Work, 9th ed. Wadsworth Publishing, 2009.

Slang Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Slang - Essay Example One of these words that I came across recently among the college mates is fuut. In this journal article, I discuss the grammatical meaning if the word, its use among the students, its origin, as well as longevity. Definition and Grammatical Function Fuut, being a versatile word among the college vocabulary functions as a noun, a verb, as well as an adjective. The context with which the people use the word determines its grammatical function. In its contextual meaning, fuut is poor treatment of other people by a person, whom they used to share a close relationship or friendship together. As such, it could also apply to groups of people, where a group could treat another group badly. For instance when used in its plural status in a sentence, two rival groups could say â€Å"of late, the cheerleaders fuuts on the basketball team.† This means that the two groups initially were close, but due to some issues, fell apart. Subsequently, the cheerleaders now treat the basketball team b adly. As a noun, one could refer to another person, especially one who treats him/her badly as a fuut. In this context, John could say, â€Å"Mary is a fuut.† This means that Mary currently treats John badly, despite their having had a good relationship before falling out with each other. Negatively, it can also mean that the action if person lead to the occurrence of a problem. For instance, John could say, â€Å"Mary’s fuut is gives me a headache.† In order to belittle the rival, one could add â€Å"ie† to the noun to form-fuutie. This could also mean that the opponent disregard the other party’s behavior, to a point of him/her. For instance, John could say, â€Å"Mary is just a fuutie.† as such, he makes fun of her behavior, showing how lowly she reasons. Further, adding –â€Å"ie† changes the noun to an adjective. The basketball team could say, â€Å"The fuutie cheerleaders did not appear in our tournament.† In this form, fuutie describes a group of cheerleaders who treat a basketball team badly, despite their having needed their support. Finally, fuut could also mean a verb, which means the action of treating another person badly. An observer could say, â€Å"of late, Mary really fuuts on John.† This means that she currently treats him rather badly. Additionally, it could also act as a verb by adding-â€Å"ing† to mean the act of treating another badly. For instance, the basketball team could say, â€Å"the fuuting cheerleaders are unreasonable.† However, without the suffixes, â€Å"ing† and â€Å"ie†, the word could not function as a verb or an adjective. 2. Demographics for the Term Mostly, people or groups that previously had a close relationship but fell apart use fuut while describing each other. Of course, when two friends become enemies, there is loss of communication. The fact that they shared quite a lot, and knew each other well, would lead to hatre d and at times hostility. Open scorn is part of the behavior that these people exhibit towards each other. As such, the most likely groups of people to use this word are onetime close friends or lovers. Age in most cases determines the meaning of the word. For instance, is an adult person uses the word; it could have a very different meaning from when a teenager uses it. Additionally, it also has a different meaning when used by a kid. However, it is rare for the adults and the kids to use such a word. Innocently, a wife could tell his husband, â€Å"

Mental Health Treatment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Mental Health Treatment - Essay Example Louis in the United States and Christchurch in New Zealand). There is a wide variation in the health care systems in these two countries, they differ in size and also have a varied mix of ethnic groups. It was found that the respondents in the two cities responded in an identical fashion about the reasons for not seeking mental care. Common reasons included â€Å"doubt about the need for professional help† (Wells et al., 1994), and attitudinal factors (like that they can manage without any medical help). Less frequent reasons included, travel distance, cost, etc (Wells et al., 1994). Small or negligible reasons included sociodemographic factors (Wells et al., 1994.) With the help of theoretical models, it has been found that before seeking mental health treatment, help-seeking behavior of individuals goes through several stages. These include â€Å"experiencing symptoms, evaluating the severity and consequences of the symptoms, assessing whether treatment is required, assessi ng the feasibility of and options for treatment, and deciding whether to seek treatment† (Sareen et al., 2007). The barriers to the use of mental health care are mainly of two types: system-level structural factors (financial cost) and individual attitudinal factors (fear of being stigmatized) (Sareen et al., 2007). Sareen et al. ... This study was able to show that respondents of the low-income group in the U.S are more often likely to report a financial barrier when it comes to using mental health care when compared to those in countries with lesser restrictions to service accessibility. Dissatisfaction with the available mental health services was reported more often by respondents in the Netherlands than those in the U.S and Canada. However, contrary to the widely held belief that fear of stigmatization is a major barrier for not seeking care, the study showed that this was an infrequent reason. There was a positive association in younger respondents with â€Å"fear of involuntary hospitalization and concerns about embarrassment from using mental health services† (Sareen et al., 2007). This might reflect a general lack of knowledge regarding mental illness and its treatment amongst youngsters. The use of drugs was associated with an embarrassment on utilizing mental health services. Therefore, this stu dy showed that â€Å"attitudinal barriers to mental health service use are more common than structural barriers across countries with differing health care systems† (Sareen et al., 2007) with the exception that respondents of the low-income group in the U.S are more often likely to report a financial barrier when it comes to using mental health care when compared to the other two countries. In Latin America mental illness is a big burden. Although nationalized health care systems are available in many Latin American countries many barriers to mental health care remains. Saldivia et al. (2004), made a study in the general population of Chile about the utilization of mental health service. The Chile Psychiatric Prevalence Study conducted

Account management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Account management - Essay Example The Entertainment and leisure industry includes a wide range of sub-sectors: entertainment (adult entertainment, attractions, movie and theaters), gambling, hospitality, restaurant and caf, sport and recreation, etc. Entertainment and leisure industry is marked by increasing capital markets activity over the past 5 years. It is estimated that average annual returns for industry are anticipated to exceed 13 percent over the next 10 years, with Entertainment and leisure industry investment alternatives performing at single digit growth rates (approximately 7 percent to 9 percent).The entertainment and leisure industry, known for its patchy supply chain and bungling circulation processes, has the latent to improve efficiency, inventory, audit control and to diminish infrastructure and operation costs by web-enabling their business online.In order to assess the situation the company can provide its own market research to collect and analyze the available information. This information can be found in mass media including press and TV advertising. This will help to identify competitors one by one, their price strategy and promotion techniques, their potential and target audience and even the quality of products they propose. This research may include information on new security equipment and associated consultancy services brought out by other companies, the relative prices of goods in the Internet shops, how competitors are promoting their products, or whether changes are taking place in the way consumers buy goods. This second activity is sometimes referred to as market intelligence for it enables management to build up a picture of the market in which they operate and chart the significant changes and trends so that strategies may be initiated and changed as appropriate. And, the received information should be compared with distributors marketing activity and strategy. An assessment of general environment and the firm's immediate competitive position should enable the account manager to identify the major threats and opportunities facing the firm. A strengths and weaknesses analysis can be particularly powerful if it incorporates a comparison with competitors. Core competences are concerned with identifying those particular strengths which give the company an edge over its competitors, and those areas of particular weakness which are to be avoided. This may require a parallel analysis of competitors' resources as previously mentioned. Bear in mind the mistakes and false steps made by the distributors new marketing strategy will be developed. Taking into account this data it will be possible to assess, to a certain extent, opportunities existing in the entertainment and leisure industry. The account manager will need financial and organizational information as for the UK distributors activity. It may include sales and product variations by region and also will provide the basis for implementing. The account manager should analysis the previous work of distributors and identify possible mistakes in their marketing strategy. Their work may include ineffective advertising campaign, inappropriate sales decisions, tools and techniques, or the choice of target audience may be wrong. The following techniques can be used to "gain entry" into the sector: the sales may be designed to make consumers aware of a new product, to stimulate nonusers buy to sample the existing product and service. The next step is elevation of customer to 'client' status, to establish a pattern of repeat buying by making it easy for the customer to do business with the company. If consumers are really impressed

Rainforest cafe reserch project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Rainforest cafe reserch project - Research Paper Example The management of the Rainforest Cafà © has an astute marketing plan. It adopts multiple and varied marketing strategies for new outlets. At the same time, it runs separate promotional campaigns for the mature outlets (EDGAR Online, 2013). Rainforest Cafà ©, owned by Landrys Inc., Houston, Texas, is a themed restaurant chain and offers something for all demographic profiles (Dulen, 1998). The ambience of Rainforest Cafà © stimulates the mind and emotions and appeals to the children as well as adults. Since inception, the cafà © has strived to deliver high quality proprietary entertainment to its clients and has earned a name in the marketplace. At present, the Rainforest Cafà © is a well-recognized family-oriented restaurant. The Rainforest Cafà © is an ideal place for the stimulus-hungry children. The sprawling interiors with a pulsing beat tend to leave the children in a state of awe. The sporadic thunder and lightening add to the ecstasy. Children can have a gala time at the cafà © as the elephants trumpet and chimpanzees chatter. The overall theme of the Rainforest Cafà © provides children a fun and frolic filled time. The special menu for kids adds to the craze. Parents tend to spend a lot on kids. They do not mind shelling out more money for a pleasurable experience for their offspring. Children always have that extra pestering power which tends to result in repeat visits and heightened spending at the cafà ©. There is an increasing trend of celebrating birthday parties at restaurants. The Rainforest Cafà © is in an enviable position to cash in on this trend. The total population of UK is 63.4 million. 17 percent of the population is less than 14 years old. This section of the society will obviously be dependent on their parents so far as any social outing is concerned. 41 percent of the population is in the age bracket of 25-54 years. This section of the society will have young children and